A serialization of the book, The Plain Truth About God (Chapter 5 - Timelines)
Chapter 5 – TIMELINE
You cannot tell who, or where you are, unless you know how you got there!
While Europe was caught up in the conflict between Pope and Emperor, a storm was brewing in Asia. Genghis Khan united the Mongols in a military confederation and achieved such a series of conquests that has no parallel in history.
1220 A.D. - The earlier Mongols conquests drove a tribe of Turks out of Turkistan into Asia Minor. There they established the Ottoman Empire, which advanced until it controlled the entire eastern Mediterranean.
Heavy custom tolls levied by the Ottomans, who controlled the Black Sea trade, stimulated the European search for alternative routes to the Orient.
1225-1274 A.D. - Life of theologian Thomas Aquinas, who codified Catholic theology, marking the high point of the medieval scholastic movement.
1228 A.D. - Sixth Crusade launched. - The (Papal) Inquisition prohibited the reading of the bible by laypersons.
1233 A.D. - After proclaiming the Excommunicqamus two years before, Pope Gregory 1X established the HOLY INQUISITION to abolish heresy wherever it could be found. This provided the church with literally hundreds of years of entertainment.
1252 A.D. - The papacy approves the use of torture for religious disobedience.
1258 A.D. Pope Alexander 1V issues decree Ut Negotium, which allowed inquisitors to absolve one another of any “irregularities” while at work! …………“It’s a rough job but somebody has to do it!”
1270 A.D. - The crusades come to an end. - Marco Polo begins his journey to China to see Kublai Khan. (Grandson of Genghis Khan)
1273 A.D. - Rudolph 1 becomes first House of Hapsburg Holy Roman Emperor after extinction of the House of Lenzberg.
1302 A.D. - Pope Boniface VIII issued the papal bull Unum Sanctum, declaring that the pope had supreme and final authority in all matters, both civic and spiritual.
1327 A.D. - German Dominican Master Eckhart defined the individual soul as a “spark” of the Divine at its most basic element.
1336 A.D. 100 Years War – Here’s a good lesson in history why wars and most human endeavors are so foolish. English nobility began to imitate French aristocrats in the thirteenth and fourteen centuries and changed from being beer drinkers to wine connoisseurs.
There was only one problem, and that was ---- all the vineyards were in France!
To gain access to the grapes, England fostered civil war in the area of Flanders in the hope a gaining control of them for wine production. This brought England and France into direct conflict and resulted in a war that was actually on and off for 229 years. (1336-1565)
C-1350 A.D. - “Black Death” Bubonic plague sweeps across Europe.
1350 A.D. - Renaissance begins in Italy.
1368 A.D. - Ming Dynasty established in China by a monk who led a 13-year long rebellion against corrupt and ineffectual Mongol rulers.
1378A.D. - The “Great Schism” when the election of Pope Urban V1 was challenged by French Cardinals who elected Clement V11 instead.
Rome and France had rival Popes for 40 years.
1429-1430 A.D. - Joan OF Arc. Led French rebellion during 100 Years War and drove out most of the English troops
1438 A.D. - Johan Gutenberg invents the printing press and movable type. Created the Gutenberg bible and was responsible for the Reformation to be so wide spread instead of a local insurrection. He made it possible for Martin Luther’s 95 Theses to be mass printed for distribution across most of central Europe.
1439 A.D. Albert 11 - House of Hapsburg Holy Roman Emperor. From here on in, Hapsburg, Holy Roman Emperor, and German King were all the same.
This zenith of the Hapsburg rule was achieved through many wide and varied marriages, as we will see in the list of Hapsburgs that stretches from the tenth to the twentieth centuries.
Their overriding motto seemed to be; “Let others wage war, we get married!”
Habsburg (in English sometimes written "Hapsburg") and the successor family, Habsburg-Lorraine, were important ruling houses of Europe and are best known as the ruling Houses of Austria (and the Austrian Empire) for over six centuries.
Their principal roles were as:
• Kings of Germany (several centuries to 1806), mostly also as
• Holy Roman Emperors, and
• Rulers of Austria (as Dukes 1282–1453, Archdukes 1453–1804, and
• Emperors of Austria 1804–1918),
• Kings of Bohemia (1306, 1437–1457 1526–1918),
• Kings of Hungary (1437–1439, 1445–1457, 1526–1918),
• Kings of Croatia (1437–1439, 1445–1457, 1527–1918),
• Kings of Spain (1516–1700),
• Kings of Portugal (1580–1640),
• Kings of Galizia and Lodomeria (1772–1918), and
• Grand Princes of Transylvania (1690–1867).
• Grand Dukes of Tuscany (1737–1801; 1814-1860).
• Archdukes of Austria-Este {1771}. (One of Hapsburg’s Castles!)
Other crowns held briefly by the House:
• King-consort of England (1554-1558)
• Dukes of Parma (1814–1847)
• Dukes of Modena (1814–1859)
• Emperor of Mexico (1864–1867)
The family first started to gain prominence around 950 c.e. and continues to this day. Although known primarily for their role in the Austria-Hungarian Empire, they had a major influence in every country in Europe for the last thousand years!
One of the greatest influences the family had on history was in 1914 when Archduke Ferdinand of Austria (A Hapsburg) was assasinated by a Serbian nationalist. This led to the start of WW 1 and the eventual dissolution of the Hapsburg Dynasty and most of the royal Houses of Europe. (Many of the legal ramifications of the dissolution of the Hapsburg Empire are still before the courts of Europe to this day! A further history of the Hapsburgs is presented in the index pages)
1478 - Spanish Inquisition - Ferdinand and Isabella end Muslim rule in Spain.
1483 A.D. - Martin Luther born. (The Reformation)
1492 A.D. - Ferdinand and Isabella send Christopher on a mission - Columbus sails the ocean blue. (Five hundred years after the Vikings!)
1496 A.D. - Spanish Crown marries into Austrian House of Hapsburg
1502 A.D. - Reign of Aztec Ruler Montezuma.
- Persian Shah executes any Sunnis who refuse to accept Shiite version of Islam.
(Not that you think that it was just the Christians that got carried away.)
1505 A..D. - John Knox, Protestant reformer, born in Scotland.
1509 A.D. - Birth of John Calvin. (Started Calvinism, which preached predetermination and good conduct.)
1514 A.D. - “Albrecht” Archbishop of Mainz - sold indulgences in return for contributions to building the new St. Peters Basilica in Rome.
1516 A.D. -House of Hapsburg Charles V now King over Germany, Netherlands, and Spain.
1517 A.D. - October 31, Martin Luther posted his 95 Theses on indulgences to a church door in Wittenberg. He protested the selling of indulgences and other corrupt church practices.
Some people got a hold of this piece of paper and printed thousands of copies. (Thanks to the recently discovered printing press!) They were then distributed across most of Europe to start the Protestant Reformation.
- Luther had intended this to be a local protest and had no idea it would spread the way it did due to mass dissatisfaction with the church.
1520 A.D. - Papal bull “Exsurge Domine” gave Martin Luther 60 days to recant or be excommunicated. Luther burns the papal bull. - The next year he was condemned as a heretic and outlaw at the “Diet of Worms.”
- Charles V divides Hapsburg Empire between Austria and Spain.
1525 A.D. - Northern Italy re-taken from France by House of Hapsburg.
- Hungarian and Bohemian crowns unite with Austrian Hapsburgs.
1530 A.D. - Luther publishes his Large Catechism and Small Catechism.
- A south German peasant uprising, inspired by Luther’s reform work began 150 years of religious wars. - Jesuit order is founded. -The term “Protestant” was first used at the Diet of Speyer.
1532 A.D. - In Denmark a royal decree made Lutheranism the sole religion. Martin Luther, as an outlaw, could not attend the Diet of Augsburg. He was held in an attempt to end religious division of the Holy Roman Empire.
Phillip Melanchthon, Luther’s co-worker, presented the “Augsburg Confession,” a statement of Lutheran beliefs. - Starts the Lutheran Church.
Allan W Janssen is the author of the book The Plain Truth About God (What the mainstream religions don't want you to know!) and is available at the web site www.God-101.com
Visit the blog "Perspective" at http://God-101.blogspot.com
Showing posts with label timelines. Show all posts
Showing posts with label timelines. Show all posts
Saturday, March 01, 2008
Wednesday, February 27, 2008
The Church of Allan - The Plain Truth About God.
A serialization of the book, The Plain Truth About God (Chapter 5 - Timelines)
Chapter 5 – TIMELINE
You cannot tell who, or where you are, unless you know how you got there!
1180 B.C.E. - Troy sacked again, this time they get it right! - Camel domesticated.
1150? B.C.E. - Start of Greek dark ages. - Phoenician Alphabet.
1122 B.C.E. - Chou dynasty of China. - Chauvin Culture of Central America.
1006 B.C.E. - Saul, first King of Israel.
1004 B.C. - David, King of United Israel. Between 1000 and 600 B.C. ** - The beginning of the second millennium coincides with the emergence of new styles of civilizations as the result of the interaction between nomadic invaders from the north and the ancient agricultural people further south. - A distinctive European style of civilization emerged in Greece. - In the Middle East, three civilized empires (Babylonia, Assyria, Egypt) struggled for supremacy.
1000 B.C.E. - Classical period of Hebrew literature.
950 B.C.E. – Bible - Composition of “Yahwistic” (J) document, one of the four major sources believed to have been the basis of the Pentateuch, (Books of Moses): Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, and Numbers. - Queen of Sheba
945 B.C.E. (?) - Solomon, King of Israel. After Solomon’s death, the 10 northernmost Hebrew tribes revolted and broke away from the southern tribes. These 10 tribes created a separate kingdom with its centre at Samaria and used the name Israel.
In the southern kingdom, the line of David continued and they took the name Judah.
870 B.C.E. - King of Israel married Jezebel, lived unhappily ever after.
741 B.C.E. - Modern calendar perfected in China.
753 B.C.E. - Rome founded. (Romulus and Remus?)
750 B.C.E. - Beginning of Astrology by Nabu-Nasir, Babylonian King. (Naturally, he was a Capricorn! **If you believe astrology works, that’s fine. You’re not bright enough to make your own decisions anyway. - Scott Adams )
750 B.C.E. - Assyria becomes a world power, while Egypt declines. The Greek people, inspired by the Homeric epics, form a common culture around their cultural centers of Olympia and Delphi. The Phoenicians and the Greeks begin to set up trading colonies around the Mediterranean.
750? B.C.E. -This is the other date for the Historical Zarathustra, (1800 B.C.E.?) founder of Zoroastrianism. He finally had his teachings gain wide acceptance, and then written down in a comprehensive manuscript of which only 70% survives! He had the single greatest effect on Judaism, and then by default Christianity and Islam.
In Israel, the Prophets reshape the religion of Yahweh, elevating him to a universal God, keeping in line with Persia where a world religion emerges under the influence of Zoroaster’s followers. -Babylon sacked.
700? B.C.E. - Bible-First Isaiah written. - Height of Assyrian Empire,
700 B.C.E. - 476 C.E. - The rise and fall of the western half of the Roman Empire, until the fall of Rome to the Ostrogoths in 476 C.E...
621 B.C.E. - Bible-Deuteronomy and Book of Kings written in Babylon. - Draco of Athens wrote “Draconian Laws.” Death for most offenses.
600? B.C.E. - First circumnavigation of Africa by Phoenicians, took 3 years!
600 B.C.E. - Nebuchadnezzar, best remembered for his relationship with the Jews and as the builder of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. The Jewish Kingdom of JUDAH was positioned between two great powers - Egypt and Babylonia. It was unable to remain independent or neutral. If it joined one side, it would be attacked by the other. In 597 and again in 586 when the kingdom was under Egyptian domination, Jerusalem was besieged and captured by Nebuchadnezzar.
The second time he destroyed the city and carried off the Jews into their BABYLONIAN CAPTIVITY. In Babylonia, but most conspicuously in Babylon itself, Nebuchadnezzar engaged in numerous building projects. Babylon was fortified, many temples were constructed, and a great step-pyramid, or ZIGGURAT the so-called Hanging Gardens, was erected. The last was later numbered among the SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD.
600 B.C.E. - Mayan civilization in Mexico. - Aesop’s fables. -Sappho of Lesbos. Greek poetess, first feminine love cult.
600?B.C.E. - Indian priest come to believe that repeating a prayer makes it more powerful so they begin using knotted strings as rosaries in order to keep track of the number of times a prayer is said. Monks of the Eastern Christian Church adopt this practice in the third century C.E.
575? B.C.E. - The Exile - Bible, Genesis, and Numbers written in Babylon.
559 B.C.E. - Cyrus the Great founded the Persian Empire when he defeated the Median kingdom in Iran and King Croesus of Lydia. He conquered Mesopotamia and the rest of the Middle East.’ Cyrus’ biggest conquest was Babylonia, a wildly rich and powerful kingdom in the Fertile Crescent between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
Babylonian king Nabu-Naid was unpopular with many segments of his population. He had alienated the high priests, captured, and enslaved ten of thousands of Jews and generally behaved as the despot he was! So, Cyrus took Babylon, the greatest city of the ancient world, in 539 B.C. He did so to the cheers of its citizens, who welcomed him as ruler because of the word of his just treatment.
He lived up to that reputation, freeing more than 40,000 enslaved Jews and allowing them to return to Palestine. This assured the continuation of the Jewish people.
He is mentioned 22 times in the Bible for these and similar deeds and was considered a liberator rather than a conqueror. He was also the role model for Alexander the Great!
539-330 B.C.E. Achaemendid Persian Empire under Cyrus the Great and his successors, then Greek Classical Age! Until c. 250 B.C.E.
529 B.C.E. - Under King Cyrus’s son, Darius I the Persian Empire became the greatest empire the world had ever seen. The empire ended in 334 B.C.E. when Alexander the Great invaded the Middle East.
507 B.C.E. - Pythagoras, Greek Mathematician, Pythagorean Theory.
500? B.C.E. - Persian War, Athenians defeat Persia at battle of Marathon.
450 B.C.E. - “Torah” compiled from E, J, P, D sources in Babylon. - Start of 200-year “Warring States” period in China. - Celts invade British Isles.
- Time of Socrates (Philosopher) and Hippocrates “Father of Medicine.”
430 B.C.E. – Bible - Book of Ruth written. - Temple of Apollo in Rome.
400 B.C.E. -World population 150 million. - Socrates condemned to death. - Nehemiah comes from Babylon to aid Jerusalem temple rebuilding and “Ezra the Scribe” brings the Torah from Babylon to Jerusalem.
356 B.C.E. - China builds “Great Wall” as protection against the Huns.
350 B.C.E. – Bible - Chronicles, Nehemiah and Jonah. - Mahabharata: Indian Epic, including the Bhagavad-Gita. - Plato, pupil of Socrates “Academy” (School of Philosophy) in Athens
340 B.C.E. - Buddhism splits into “Greater and Lesser Vehicle” *”Reality is merely an illusion, a very persistent one.” - Albert Einstein
332 B.C.E. - Alexander the Great begins his conquest of the known world with the defeat of Egypt and founding of Alexandria, then Babylon, Persepolis, and then India right to the Indus Valley.
330 B.C. - 1453 C.E. - Eastern Roman / Byzantine Empire. Began with the founding of Constantinople by Emperor Constantine”1” in 330 B.C. and ended when Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Empire in 1453 A.D.
323 B.C.E. - Start of Hellenistic Age - Cosmopolitan civilizations. - “Diogenes the Cynic” lived in a barrel in Athens. (Start of the tradition of “town fool” or maybe even “village idiot.”)
300 B.C.E. - Euclid, Greek Mathematician. - Aristotle, disciple of Plato founded Lyceum Philosophy School in Athens.
275 B.C.E. - Colossus of Rhodes built, destroyed by earthquake in 244.
250 B.C.E. - Ecclesiastes written in Hebrew.
233 B.C.E. - Sun-Tzu, Chinese philosopher writes “The Art of War.”
212 B.C.E. - Archimedes, Greek Mathematician.
200 B.C.E. - Han Dynasty in China - Shih Huang Ti, first Emperor of united China.
On the western and eastern flanks of Eurasia, the Roman Empire and Han China reach their greatest power and are able to repel the attacks of northern nomadic Barbarians. The nomads, instead, attack Parthia, and invade India. - The Silk Road links Rome and China and brings East and West into regular contact for the first time.
182 B.C.E. - Hannibal and his elephant’s world tour.
165 B.C.E. – Bible - Daniel written in Jerusalem. - Bible - Book of Esther written in Persia.
149 B.C.E. - Third Punic war, Romans kill 500,000 in sack of Carthage.
146 B.C.E. - Greece under Roman rule.
134 B.C.E. - “Supernova” recorded by Chinese.
125 B.C.E. - Qumran, Dead Sea Scrolls hidden, - 10 Hebrew manuscripts at Qumran Cave #4, - Ethiopic Bible found at Qumran cave #7.
120 B.C.E. -Death of Spartacus .
63 B.C.E. - Julius Caesar elected Pontifex Maximus (highest Priest) by Roman Senate. (Originated Julian calendar)
60 B.C.E. - 1st Roman Triumvirate, Caesar-Pompey-Crassus.
44 B.C.E. - March 15th, - After being made “Dictator for Life” by Roman Senate was assassinated by Cassius, Casca, Brutus, etc. – “Et tu Brute?” - Octavian Augustus, 1st Roman Emperor, defeats Anthony and Cleopatra who commit suicide.
Death of the Republic - Birth of the Empire
37 B.C.E. - King Herod the Great of Judea assumes power.
** Life of Jesus of Nazareth
Allan W Janssen is the author of the book The Plain Truth About God (What the mainstream religions don't want you to know!) and is available at the web site http://www.god-101.com/
Visit the blog "Perspective" at http://God-101.blogspot.com
Chapter 5 – TIMELINE
You cannot tell who, or where you are, unless you know how you got there!
1180 B.C.E. - Troy sacked again, this time they get it right! - Camel domesticated.1150? B.C.E. - Start of Greek dark ages. - Phoenician Alphabet.
1122 B.C.E. - Chou dynasty of China. - Chauvin Culture of Central America.
1006 B.C.E. - Saul, first King of Israel.
1004 B.C. - David, King of United Israel. Between 1000 and 600 B.C. ** - The beginning of the second millennium coincides with the emergence of new styles of civilizations as the result of the interaction between nomadic invaders from the north and the ancient agricultural people further south. - A distinctive European style of civilization emerged in Greece. - In the Middle East, three civilized empires (Babylonia, Assyria, Egypt) struggled for supremacy.
1000 B.C.E. - Classical period of Hebrew literature.
950 B.C.E. – Bible - Composition of “Yahwistic” (J) document, one of the four major sources believed to have been the basis of the Pentateuch, (Books of Moses): Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, and Numbers. - Queen of Sheba
945 B.C.E. (?) - Solomon, King of Israel. After Solomon’s death, the 10 northernmost Hebrew tribes revolted and broke away from the southern tribes. These 10 tribes created a separate kingdom with its centre at Samaria and used the name Israel.
In the southern kingdom, the line of David continued and they took the name Judah.
870 B.C.E. - King of Israel married Jezebel, lived unhappily ever after.
741 B.C.E. - Modern calendar perfected in China.
753 B.C.E. - Rome founded. (Romulus and Remus?)
750 B.C.E. - Beginning of Astrology by Nabu-Nasir, Babylonian King. (Naturally, he was a Capricorn! **If you believe astrology works, that’s fine. You’re not bright enough to make your own decisions anyway. - Scott Adams )
750 B.C.E. - Assyria becomes a world power, while Egypt declines. The Greek people, inspired by the Homeric epics, form a common culture around their cultural centers of Olympia and Delphi. The Phoenicians and the Greeks begin to set up trading colonies around the Mediterranean.
750? B.C.E. -This is the other date for the Historical Zarathustra, (1800 B.C.E.?) founder of Zoroastrianism. He finally had his teachings gain wide acceptance, and then written down in a comprehensive manuscript of which only 70% survives! He had the single greatest effect on Judaism, and then by default Christianity and Islam.
In Israel, the Prophets reshape the religion of Yahweh, elevating him to a universal God, keeping in line with Persia where a world religion emerges under the influence of Zoroaster’s followers. -Babylon sacked.
700? B.C.E. - Bible-First Isaiah written. - Height of Assyrian Empire,
700 B.C.E. - 476 C.E. - The rise and fall of the western half of the Roman Empire, until the fall of Rome to the Ostrogoths in 476 C.E...
621 B.C.E. - Bible-Deuteronomy and Book of Kings written in Babylon. - Draco of Athens wrote “Draconian Laws.” Death for most offenses.
600? B.C.E. - First circumnavigation of Africa by Phoenicians, took 3 years!
600 B.C.E. - Nebuchadnezzar, best remembered for his relationship with the Jews and as the builder of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. The Jewish Kingdom of JUDAH was positioned between two great powers - Egypt and Babylonia. It was unable to remain independent or neutral. If it joined one side, it would be attacked by the other. In 597 and again in 586 when the kingdom was under Egyptian domination, Jerusalem was besieged and captured by Nebuchadnezzar.
The second time he destroyed the city and carried off the Jews into their BABYLONIAN CAPTIVITY. In Babylonia, but most conspicuously in Babylon itself, Nebuchadnezzar engaged in numerous building projects. Babylon was fortified, many temples were constructed, and a great step-pyramid, or ZIGGURAT the so-called Hanging Gardens, was erected. The last was later numbered among the SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD.
600 B.C.E. - Mayan civilization in Mexico. - Aesop’s fables. -Sappho of Lesbos. Greek poetess, first feminine love cult.
600?B.C.E. - Indian priest come to believe that repeating a prayer makes it more powerful so they begin using knotted strings as rosaries in order to keep track of the number of times a prayer is said. Monks of the Eastern Christian Church adopt this practice in the third century C.E.
575? B.C.E. - The Exile - Bible, Genesis, and Numbers written in Babylon.
559 B.C.E. - Cyrus the Great founded the Persian Empire when he defeated the Median kingdom in Iran and King Croesus of Lydia. He conquered Mesopotamia and the rest of the Middle East.’ Cyrus’ biggest conquest was Babylonia, a wildly rich and powerful kingdom in the Fertile Crescent between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
Babylonian king Nabu-Naid was unpopular with many segments of his population. He had alienated the high priests, captured, and enslaved ten of thousands of Jews and generally behaved as the despot he was! So, Cyrus took Babylon, the greatest city of the ancient world, in 539 B.C. He did so to the cheers of its citizens, who welcomed him as ruler because of the word of his just treatment.
He lived up to that reputation, freeing more than 40,000 enslaved Jews and allowing them to return to Palestine. This assured the continuation of the Jewish people.
He is mentioned 22 times in the Bible for these and similar deeds and was considered a liberator rather than a conqueror. He was also the role model for Alexander the Great!
539-330 B.C.E. Achaemendid Persian Empire under Cyrus the Great and his successors, then Greek Classical Age! Until c. 250 B.C.E.
529 B.C.E. - Under King Cyrus’s son, Darius I the Persian Empire became the greatest empire the world had ever seen. The empire ended in 334 B.C.E. when Alexander the Great invaded the Middle East.
507 B.C.E. - Pythagoras, Greek Mathematician, Pythagorean Theory.
500? B.C.E. - Persian War, Athenians defeat Persia at battle of Marathon.
450 B.C.E. - “Torah” compiled from E, J, P, D sources in Babylon. - Start of 200-year “Warring States” period in China. - Celts invade British Isles.
- Time of Socrates (Philosopher) and Hippocrates “Father of Medicine.”
430 B.C.E. – Bible - Book of Ruth written. - Temple of Apollo in Rome.
400 B.C.E. -World population 150 million. - Socrates condemned to death. - Nehemiah comes from Babylon to aid Jerusalem temple rebuilding and “Ezra the Scribe” brings the Torah from Babylon to Jerusalem.
356 B.C.E. - China builds “Great Wall” as protection against the Huns.
350 B.C.E. – Bible - Chronicles, Nehemiah and Jonah. - Mahabharata: Indian Epic, including the Bhagavad-Gita. - Plato, pupil of Socrates “Academy” (School of Philosophy) in Athens
340 B.C.E. - Buddhism splits into “Greater and Lesser Vehicle” *”Reality is merely an illusion, a very persistent one.” - Albert Einstein
332 B.C.E. - Alexander the Great begins his conquest of the known world with the defeat of Egypt and founding of Alexandria, then Babylon, Persepolis, and then India right to the Indus Valley.
330 B.C. - 1453 C.E. - Eastern Roman / Byzantine Empire. Began with the founding of Constantinople by Emperor Constantine”1” in 330 B.C. and ended when Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Empire in 1453 A.D.
323 B.C.E. - Start of Hellenistic Age - Cosmopolitan civilizations. - “Diogenes the Cynic” lived in a barrel in Athens. (Start of the tradition of “town fool” or maybe even “village idiot.”)
300 B.C.E. - Euclid, Greek Mathematician. - Aristotle, disciple of Plato founded Lyceum Philosophy School in Athens.
275 B.C.E. - Colossus of Rhodes built, destroyed by earthquake in 244.
250 B.C.E. - Ecclesiastes written in Hebrew.
233 B.C.E. - Sun-Tzu, Chinese philosopher writes “The Art of War.”
212 B.C.E. - Archimedes, Greek Mathematician.
200 B.C.E. - Han Dynasty in China - Shih Huang Ti, first Emperor of united China.
On the western and eastern flanks of Eurasia, the Roman Empire and Han China reach their greatest power and are able to repel the attacks of northern nomadic Barbarians. The nomads, instead, attack Parthia, and invade India. - The Silk Road links Rome and China and brings East and West into regular contact for the first time.
182 B.C.E. - Hannibal and his elephant’s world tour.
165 B.C.E. – Bible - Daniel written in Jerusalem. - Bible - Book of Esther written in Persia.
149 B.C.E. - Third Punic war, Romans kill 500,000 in sack of Carthage.
146 B.C.E. - Greece under Roman rule.
134 B.C.E. - “Supernova” recorded by Chinese.
125 B.C.E. - Qumran, Dead Sea Scrolls hidden, - 10 Hebrew manuscripts at Qumran Cave #4, - Ethiopic Bible found at Qumran cave #7.
120 B.C.E. -Death of Spartacus .
63 B.C.E. - Julius Caesar elected Pontifex Maximus (highest Priest) by Roman Senate. (Originated Julian calendar)
60 B.C.E. - 1st Roman Triumvirate, Caesar-Pompey-Crassus.
44 B.C.E. - March 15th, - After being made “Dictator for Life” by Roman Senate was assassinated by Cassius, Casca, Brutus, etc. – “Et tu Brute?” - Octavian Augustus, 1st Roman Emperor, defeats Anthony and Cleopatra who commit suicide.
Death of the Republic - Birth of the Empire
37 B.C.E. - King Herod the Great of Judea assumes power.
** Life of Jesus of Nazareth
Allan W Janssen is the author of the book The Plain Truth About God (What the mainstream religions don't want you to know!) and is available at the web site http://www.god-101.com/
Visit the blog "Perspective" at http://God-101.blogspot.com
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